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Quarter (unit)
The quarter ( "one-fourth") is used as the name of several distinct English units based on ¼ sizes of some base unit.
The "quarter of London" mentioned by the Magna Carta as the national standard measure for wine, ale, and grain was ¼ ton or tun. It continued to be used, e.g., to regulate the prices of bread.〔(51 Hen. III st. 1. ) (1266)〕 This quarter was a unit of 8 bushels of 8 gallons each, understood at the time as a measure of both weight and volume: the grain gallon or half-peck was composed of 76,800 (Tower) grains weight; the ale gallon was composed of the ale filling an equivalent container; and the wine gallon was composed of the wine weighing an equivalent amount to a full gallon of grain.
==Length==
In measures of length, the quarter (qr.) was ¼ of a yard, formerly an important measure in the cloth trade. 3 qr. was a Flemish ell, 4 quarters were a yard, 5 qr. was an (English) ell, and 6 qr. was an aune or French ell. Each quarter was made up of 4 nails. Its metric equivalent was formerly reckoned as about 0.228596 m, but the International Yard and Pound Agreement set it as 0.2286 exactly in 1959.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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